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Authors
Zou, Congying
Chen, Ruiyuan
Wang, Baodong
Fei, Qi
Song, Hongxing
Zang, Lei
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Natural Science Foundation of Beijing Municipality (7242059)
Beijing Municipal Administration of Hospitals Clinical Medicine Development of Special Funding Support (YGLX202305)
Key medical disciplines of Shijingshan district (2023006)
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Article History
Received: 16 December 2024
Accepted: 18 February 2025
First Online: 2 March 2025
Declarations
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: This study was conducted in accordance with the ethical principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. The research protocol involving human data was reviewed and approved by the Ethics Committee of Beijing Chaoyang Hospital (Approval No. 2024-KE-346). The requirement for written informed consent was formally waived by the Ethics Committee for the following reasons:1. This is a retrospective analysis of fully anonymized data extracted from institutional databases;2. No personally identifiable information was accessible to researchers during data collection or analysis. Concerning legal provisions: Article 32 of the Measures for the Ethical Review of Life Sciences and Medical Research Involving Human Subjects, released by the People’s Republic of China: The ethical assessment for studies utilizing data or biological samples from human subjects may be waived under certain conditions, provided that there is no harm to individuals, no sensitive information is involved, and no commercial interests are present.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
