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Authors
Qinghao, Miao
Sheng, Zhou
Jun, Yang
Xiaochun, Wang
Min, Zhang
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Tianjin Municipal Science and Technology Program (24ZXZSSS00110)
Tianjin Natural Science Foundation (22JCYBJC00340)
CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences (2022-I2M-2-003, 2023-I2M-2-008)
Tianjin Metrology Technology Foundation (2024TJMT035)
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Article History
Received: 2 January 2025
Accepted: 23 April 2025
First Online: 6 May 2025
Declarations
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: This study adhered to the principles outlined in the World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki. Ethical approval was granted by the Medical Ethics Committee of Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital (Approval No. 2023KY-05). Since this was a retrospective study utilizing de-identified UBM images, the requirement for informed consent was waived.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
