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Article History

Received: 13 October 2025

Accepted: 10 February 2026

First Online: 4 March 2026

Declarations

:

: The study was approved by the local ethics committee of the Faculty of Dentistry, Lincoln University College, all experiments were performed in accordance with relevant guidelines and regulations such as the Declaration of Helsinki and the patients signed the informed consent form and agreed to be published.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.