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Authors
Wang, Fengcong
Lyu, Yang
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
the Science and Technology Development Plan Fund of the Jinan Health Commission (No. 2024306015)
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Article History
Received: 13 February 2026
Accepted: 7 May 2026
First Online: 12 May 2026
Declarations
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: Ethics approval was obtained from the Ethics Committee of Jinan Stomatological Hospital (Approval No. JNSKQYY-2024-012). This study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki (2013 revision). Due to the retrospective use of fully de-identified data, the requirement for informed consent was waived by the committee.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
