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Authors
Naved, Ruchira Tabassum
Talukder, Aloka
Rahman, K. M. Thouhidur
Choudhury, Sohel
Chowdhury, Rajiv
Danesh, John
Di Angelantonio, Emanuele
Khalequzzaman, Md
Khan, Md Alfazal
Griffin, Simon
Mascie-Taylor, Nick
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
University of Cambridge (RG88576)
University of Cambridge (RG88576)
University of Cambridge (RG88576)
University of Cambridge (RG88576)
University of Cambridge (RG88576)
University of Cambridge (RG88576)
University of Cambridge (RG88576)
University of Cambridge (RG88576)
University of Cambridge (RG88576)
University of Cambridge (RG88576)
University of Cambridge (RG88576)
UK Medical Research Council (MR/P02811X/1)
UK Medical Research Council (MR/P02811X/1)
UK Medical Research Council (MR/P02811X/1)
UK Medical Research Council (MR/P02811X/1)
UK Medical Research Council (MR/P02811X/1)
UK Medical Research Council (MR/P02811X/1)
National Institute for Health Research (IS-BRC-1215-20014)
National Institute for Health Research (IS-BRC-1215-20014)
National Institute for Health Research (IS-BRC-1215-20014)
National Institute for Health Research (IS-BRC-1215-20014)
National Institute for Health Research (IS-BRC-1215-20014)
National Institute for Health Research (IS-BRC-1215-20014)
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Article History
Received: 12 December 2024
Accepted: 13 August 2025
First Online: 30 September 2025
Declarations
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: The study received ethical approval from icddr, b’s Institutional Review board (PR-19128). Participation in the study was voluntary and all the study participants were included in the study after taking consent. Data were collected over telephone due to the COVID situation. Each participant provided informed consent prior to the interview.
: All participants provided informed consent for using their anonymised data in scientific publications.
: JD holds a British Heart Foundation Professorship and a NIHR Senior Investigator Award. John Danesh serves on scientific advisory boards for AstraZeneca, Novartis, and UK Biobank, and has received multiple grants from academic, charitable and industry sources outside of the submitted work. SG has received honoraria from Astra Zeneca and Eli Lilly for contributions to postgraduate diabetes education for health professionals in the United Kingdom. RTN, AT, KMTR, SC, RC, EDA, MK, MAK and NMT declare no competing interest.
