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Authors
Tao, Shunyu
Wu, Birong
Yin, Ning
Chen, Jianyu
Bu, Jiaqing
Chen, Jun
Chen, Sixin
Yan, Wei
Zhou, Nan
Zhang, Jiechen
Cai, Yong
Wang, Ying
Hu, Fan
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Changning District Medical and Health Research Special Project (CNKW2022Y08)
Research Fund of Shanghai Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine (TRYJ2024LC13)
Key Discipline Projects of the Shanghai Three-Year Action Plan for Public Health (GWVI-11.1-29)
National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China (Z155080000004)
Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality for the Seroepidemiological Study of Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia in Key Populations (20JC1410204)
Tongren Hospital Talent Launch Project (TR2023rc11)
Tongren Hospital Talent Launch Project (TR2024RC10)
Public Health Research Project from Shanghai Disease Control and Prevention Administration (2024GKM30)
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Article History
Received: 17 October 2025
Accepted: 12 January 2026
First Online: 30 January 2026
Declarations
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: This study adhered to the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by the Ethics Committee of Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences (Approval No. 2023-MSMMPOX-22-310222197604080237). Electronic informed consent was obtained prior to survey initiation; the consent page detailed anonymity, data protection, and voluntary participation. Data were transmitted via encrypted connections and stored on access-restricted servers. Only the research team had analytic access, and data were used solely for the purposes described in the informed consent.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
