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Authors
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Science and Technology Council (111-2314-B-A49A-502-MY3; 113-2321-B-A49-011; 114-2628-B-A49-007-MY3)
Ministry of Health and Welfare (113-TDU-B-221-134007; 114-TDU-B-221-144007)
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Article History
Received: 22 November 2025
Accepted: 24 February 2026
First Online: 3 March 2026
Declarations
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: This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University (NYCU112108AE, NYCU112119AE and NYCU114016AE). The study adhered to the STROBE reporting guideline for cohort studies. Patients and the public were not involved in study design, conduct, reporting, or dissemination.
: The funders had no role in the design and conduct of the study; collection, management, analysis, and interpretation of the data; preparation, review, or approval of the manuscript; and decision to submit the manuscript for publication.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
