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Authors
Uhawenimana, Thierry Claudien
Umuhoza, Stella Matutina
Ndayambaje, Jean Bosco
Uwera, Yvonne Delphine Nsaba
Kananura, Tiva
Mumararungu, Angeline
Semakula, Mohamed
Mwangi, Henry
Mugabo, Hassan
Ntawuyirusha, Emmanuel
Mungarulire, Janvier
Mutsindashyaka, Theoneste
Ngabo, Donatien Ntagara
Ndolo, Caroline
Humuza, James
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Article History
Received: 23 October 2025
Accepted: 2 June 2026
First Online: 9 June 2026
Declarations
Human ethics and consent to participate: The current study was conducted in accordance with the Helsinki Declaration for the protection of human subjects in research [19]. This research received approval from the Institutional Review Board, University of Rwanda, College of Medicine and Health Sciences (Approval Notice: No 119/CMHS IRB/2025). Participants were requested to give their voluntary informed consent by either signing or providing a fingerprint for those who were unable to read the consent form, thereby allowing the research team to document their participation. Before the consent was signed, participants were thoroughly briefed about the study via the Participant Information Sheet.
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
