Carty, Adele
Green, Rivka
Goodman, Carly V.
McLaughlin, John R.
Hu, Howard
Lanphear, Bruce
Martinez-Mier, E. Angeles
MacFarlane, Amanda J.
Muckle, Gina
Brook, Jeffrey R.
Till, Christine
Funding for this research was provided by:
Canadian Institutes of Health Research (MOP-81285)
Chemicals Management Plan at Health Canada
National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (R21ES027044 and R01ES030365)
Article History
Received: 28 March 2025
Accepted: 1 October 2025
First Online: 11 November 2025
Declarations
:
: This study obtained approval from Research Ethics Boards at Health Canada, Centre hospitalier universitaire (CHU) Sainte-Justine Research Center, ethics committees at participating hospitals, York University, and the University of Toronto for the analysis of secondary data. All participants completed informed consent for themselves and children.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.