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Authors
Schildroth, Samantha
Claus Henn, Birgit
Lovett, Sharonda M.
Wesselink, Amelia K.
Nillni, Yael I.
Heiger-Bernays, Wendy
Harmon, Quaker E.
Vines, Anissa I.
Baird, Donna D.
Wise, Lauren A.
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (K99-ES036288)
National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (R01-ES024749)
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Article History
Received: 16 December 2025
Accepted: 19 February 2026
First Online: 27 February 2026
Declarations
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: This research was supported [in part] by the Intramural Research Program of the National Institutes of Health (NIH). The contributions of the NIH author(s) were made as part of their official duties as NIH federal employees, are in compliance with agency policy requirements, and are considered Works of the United States Government. However, the findings and conclusions presented in this paper are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the NIH or the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. This research was also supported by the grants from the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (K99-ES036288 and R01-ES024749).We thank Dr. Antonia M. Calafat and Dr. Julianne Cook Botelho for their comprehensive analysis of the PFAS data. All study protocols were reviewed and approved by Institutional Review Boards at Henry Ford Health System, the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, and Boston University Medical Center. All data used in this manuscript are confidential.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
