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Authors
Hu, Yuhong
Yang, Tingyu
Eckel, Sandrah P.
Chen, Xinci
Niu, Zhongzheng
Toledo-Corral, Claudia M.
Pavlovic, Nathan
Lurmann, Fred
Grubbs, Brendan
Al-Marayati, Laila
Garcia, Erika
Morales, Santiago
Johnston, Jill
Dunton, Genevieve F.
Habre, Rima
Farzan, Shohreh F.
Breton, Carrie
Bastain, Theresa M.
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Institutes of Health Office of the Director ECHO Program (UH3OD023287)
National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (P50ES026086)
National Institute for Minority Health and Health Disparities (83615801-0)
Environmental Protection Agency (P50MD015705)
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Article History
Received: 24 December 2025
Accepted: 25 May 2026
First Online: 2 June 2026
Declarations
Ethics approval and consent to participate: The study protocol was approved by the Institutional Review Board (IRB) of the University of Southern California and conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and the Belmont Report principles for ethical research involving human subjects.
Consent for publication: Not applicable.
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
