Liu, Ji
Wang, Wei
Deng, Xun
Lin, Xiaoyu
Yu, Xun
Fu, Ran
Wang, Yong
Sun, Shumei
Funding for this research was provided by:
Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation of Department of Science and Technology of Guangdong Province (2022A1515111208)
Science and Technology Projects of Guangzhou Municipal Science and Technology Bureau (2024A04J3533)
Article History
Received: 9 September 2025
Accepted: 30 April 2026
First Online: 13 June 2026
Declarations
:
: This study was approved by the chief ethics committee (Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University; Ethics No. 2024-KY-056-01) of all participating hospitals. The study was in accordance with the conditions for mutual recognition of ethics approval, and the participating hospitals recognized the ethics approval of the ethics committee of Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University. The study was conducted in accordance with the Helsinki Declaration of 1964, study data were fully deidentified, and confidential information was deleted from patients in accordance with the World Health Organization International Ethical Guidelines for Health-related Research Involving Humans (2016), and requirement for informed consent was waived by the ethics committee of Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.