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Article History

Received: 20 October 2021

Accepted: 10 February 2022

First Online: 22 March 2022

Declarations

:

: All animal work was carried out in accordance with the provisions of the Animals (Scientific Procedures) Act 1986 of the United Kingdom (HMSO, London, UK, 1990) and with appropriate local ethical and Health and Safety approval.

: Not applicable.

: SGZ has pending patent applications on molecular signatures in prostate and breast cancer unrelated to this work licensed to Veracyte and Exact Sciences, and a family member who is an employee with stock grants at Exact Sciences.YL is an employee of Veracyte, inc.FF is co-founder of PFS Genomics, a molecular diagnostic company in breast cancer, and is on the Scientific Advisory Board of SerImmune. He has also consulted for Myovant, Roivant, Bayer, Astellas, Janssen, Blue Earth, and Celgene.SHR and FMD are co-founders of <i>Broken String Biosciences.</i>JDB has served on advisory boards and received fees from many companies including Amgen, Astra Zeneca, Astellas, Bayer, Bioxcel Therapeutics, Boehringer Ingelheim, Cellcentric, Daiichi, Eisai, Genentech/Roche, Genmab, GSK, Harpoon, ImCheck Therapeutics, Janssen, Merck Serono, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Menarini/Silicon Biosystems, Orion, Pfizer, Qiagen, Sanofi Aventis, Sierra Oncology, Taiho, Terumo, Vertex Pharmaceuticals. He is an employee of The ICR, which have received funding or other support for his research work from AZ, Astellas, Bayer, Cellcentric, Daiichi, Genentech, Genmab, GSK, Janssen, Merck Serono, MSD, Menarini/Silicon Biosystems, Orion, Sanofi Aventis, Sierra Oncology, Taiho, Pfizer, Vertex, and which has a commercial interest in abiraterone, PARP inhibition in DNA repair defective cancers and PI3K/AKT pathway inhibitors (no personal income). JDB was named as an inventor, with no financial interest for patent 8,822,438, submitted by Janssen that covers the use of abiraterone acetate with corticosteroids. He has been the CI/PI of many industry sponsored clinical trials. JDB is a National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Senior Investigator. The views expressed in this article are those of the author(s) and not necessarily those of the NHS, the NIHR, or the Department of Health.