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Article History

Received: 4 October 2024

Accepted: 28 November 2024

First Online: 20 December 2024

Declarations

:

: Animal experiments followed the EU Directive 63/2010 and were conducted under the protocol no. 2023120514306594, approved by the Ethical Committee of Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus (CEEA IRCIV/IGR no. 26, registered at the French Ministry of Research) and by the national agency Bundesministerium für Wissenschaft, Forschung und Wirtschaft, BMWFW, Austria under the protocols no. BMWFW-2020-0.824.559 and BMWFW-2024-0.697.697).

: Not applicable.

: GK has been holding research contracts with Daiichi Sankyo, Eleor, Kaleido, Lytix Pharma, PharmaMar, Osasuna Therapeutics, Samsara Therapeutics, Sanofi, Sutro, Tollys, and Vascage. GK is on the Board of Directors of the Bristol Myers Squibb Foundation France. GK is a scientific co-founder of everImmune, Osasuna Therapeutics, Samsara Therapeutics and Therafast Bio. GK is in the scientific advisory boards of Hevolution, Institut Servier, Longevity Vision Funds and Rejuveron Life Sciences. GK is the inventor of patents covering therapeutic targeting of aging, cancer, cystic fibrosis and metabolic disorders. GK’s wife, Laurence Zitvogel, has held research contracts with Glaxo Smyth Kline, Incyte, Lytix, Kaleido, Innovate Pharma, Daiichi Sankyo, Pilege, Merus, Transgene, 9 m, Tusk and Roche, was on the on the Board of Directors of Transgene, is a cofounder of everImmune, and holds patents covering the treatment of cancer and the therapeutic manipulation of the microbiota. GK’s brother, Romano Kroemer, was an employee of Sanofi and now consults for Boehringer-Ingelheim. The funders had no role in the design of the study; in the writing of the manuscript, or in the decision to publish the results. No disclosures were reported by the other authors.