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Authors
Duan, Suzann
Twer, AnneLeigh B.
Zinkeng, Ateh
Naciri, Ikrame
Moore, Juliette W.
Gentry, Rebeca G.
Sontz, Ricky A.
Ayabe, Reed I.
Tapia, Edgar
Sawyer, Travis W.
Merchant, Juanita L.
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (5K01DK136969)
National Cancer Institute (P30 CA023074)
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Article History
Received: 19 September 2025
Accepted: 9 February 2026
First Online: 21 February 2026
Declarations
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: Deidentified formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded (FFPE) sections of surgically resected human tumors were provided by the University of Arizona Tissue Acquisition Shared Resource (TACMASR) under Human Institutional Review Board (IRB) protocol #1808861863, University of Michigan Endocrine Oncology Repository under IRB protocol #HUM00115310, and the Biorepository and Pathology Core at Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, under IRB #STUDY-12-00145. Fresh de-identified surgically resected tumor tissues were provided by the Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center Experimental Tissue Shared Resource (protocol # STUDY00000833) and the University of Arizona TACMASR and the University of Arizona TARGHETS Biorepository UA under IRB protocol #1909985869. Informed patient consent was provided prior to tissue collection. Mouse experiments were performed in compliance with the University of Arizona Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC) guidelines under protocol #18–440. The study complied with the maximal tumor burden outlined by the IACUC, which permits up to 10% of the animal body weight.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
