Joo, Eun Hye
Song, Young Shin
Lee, Han Sai
Jung, Gyeongseo
Chung, Eun-jae
Kim, Su-jin
Kim, Yoo Hyung
Cho, Sun Wook
Choi, Hongyoon
Won, Jae-kyung
Park, Woong-Yang
Park, Young Joo
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Research Foundation of Korea (RS-2024-00453506)
Korea Institute for Advancement of Technology (RS-2025-02303021)
Article History
Received: 19 February 2026
Accepted: 23 May 2026
First Online: 16 July 2026
Declarations
Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of Seoul National University Hospital and was performed following the Declaration of Helsinki (approval ID: 1903-073-1017).
Consent for publication: Consent for publication has been obtained from all patients.
Competing interests: S.W. Cho is a co-founder of Cellus Inc. outside the submitted work, and W.-Y. Park is affiliated with Geninus Inc. outside the submitted work; neither company provided funding or had any role in this study, and the authors received no financial benefit related to this work. The other authors declare no competing interests.