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Authors
Li, Yuan
Chen, Peijie
Gao, Binghong
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Macao Polytechnic University (RP/FCSD-02/2025)
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Article History
Received: 24 October 2025
Accepted: 28 November 2025
First Online: 20 December 2025
Declarations
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: The study was approved by the institutional review board of Peking University and conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. Ethical approval for household questionnaires and physical measurements was granted under IRB00001052-11015, and for biomarker collection under IRB00001052-11014. All procedures were performed in accordance with local legislation and institutional requirements. Written informed consent was obtained from all participants prior to their involvement in the study.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: The authors declare that the study was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as potential conflicts of interest.
