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Authors
Qian, Gui
Liu, Beijia
Liu, Zhengzheng
Wu, Yue
Zhao, Ya
Tang, Xiaoli
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Article History
Received: 26 August 2025
Accepted: 15 December 2025
First Online: 27 December 2025
Declarations
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: The Biomedical Ethics Review Committee at Peking University reviewed and approved the CHARLS protocol (approval number: IRB00001052-11015). Prior to inclusion in the study, every participant provided signed informed consent.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
