Qiu, Xunhan
Sha, Jingjing
Li, Yan
Ding, Tongjiu
Fang, Jialiang
Song, Wei
Zhao, Yu
Pan, Mangmang
Shen, Long
Huang, Hao
Jiang, Meng
Pu, Jun
Funding for this research was provided by:
The Healthcare Talents Youth Program of Shanghai Pudong New Area (2026PDWSYCQN-08)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (U21A20341 and 82470394)
Article History
Received: 12 November 2025
Accepted: 25 December 2025
First Online: 20 January 2026
Declarations
:
: Ethical approval for this retrospective investigation was obtained from the Ethics Committee of Shanghai Renji Hospital (KY2022-105-B). As the analysis utilized anonymized data, written informed consent was waived. The study was performed in compliance with the Declaration of Helsinki and applicable institutional and national regulations.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.