Song, Honghao
Ma, Yuqing
Peng, Lei
Gao, Fangyuan
Fan, Xiaoyi
Yang, Mei
Hua, Tong
Yang, Yutong
Fan, Rongrong
Li, Zhenjie https://orcid.org/0009-0007-2526-7018
Yuan, Hongbin https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8468-4005
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (82471239)
Military clinical key specialty project fund (JDLCZDZK)
Article History
Received: 31 October 2025
Accepted: 15 December 2025
First Online: 26 December 2025
Declarations
:
: All animal experiments were subject to review and approval by the Animal Care and Use Committee of Shanghai Changzheng Hospital affiliated with the Naval Medical University (license numbers: SYXK Hu, 2022-0011). The experiments followed the guidelines for responsible animal research as set forth by the International Association for the Study of Pain. All human feces and serum samples were subject to review and approval by the Animal Care and Use Committee of Shanghai Changzheng Hospital affiliated with the Naval Medical University (license numbers: 2025SL032), and Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (license numbers: ChiCTR2500108440).
: The authors declare no competing interests.