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Authors
Russell, Christopher
Barnard, Gabriel
Marza, Venus
Notley, Sophie
Nahde, Thomas
Fitzpatrick, Martin
Malt, Layla
Stevenson, Matthew
Weaver, Sarah
McKeganey, Neil
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Imperial Brands PLC
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Article History
Received: 4 October 2024
Accepted: 30 July 2025
First Online: 14 August 2025
Declarations
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: The study protocol and all studyrelated documents were submitted for ethical review to the Reading Independent Ethics Committee (RIEC). A favourable ethical opinion of the study was received from RIEC on 19 March 2023.
: Not applicable.
: In the past three years, the employers of CR (Russell Burnett Research and Consultancy Ltd), and GB, VM, SN, and NM (Centre for Substance Use Research Ltd) have received funding from tobacco and nicotine product manufacturers to conduct research on tobacco and nicotine product use, use transitions, use intentions, and perceptions. TN, MF, LM, MS and SW are employed by Imperial Brands PLC, which markets the Study Products.
