Wadsworth, Elle
Hines, Lindsey A.
Hammond, David
Freeman, Tom P.
Funding for this research was provided by:
Society for the Study of Addiction (Griffith Edwards Academic Fellowship)
Canadian Institutes of Health Research (PJT-153342)
UKRI Future Leaders Fellowship (MR/Y017560/1)
Article History
Received: 20 August 2025
Accepted: 10 April 2026
First Online: 24 April 2026
Declarations
:
: The study was reviewed by and received ethics clearance through the University of Waterloo (ORE#31330) and the University of Bath (0513-586). All methods were carried out in accordance with relevant guidelines and regulations. Informed consent was obtained from all respondents and/or their legal guardian(s).
: Not applicable.
: The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare. DH has served as a paid Expert Witness on behalf of public health authorities in response to industry legal challenges to cannabis regulations in Canada.