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Article History

Received: 29 March 2019

Accepted: 28 April 2020

First Online: 7 May 2020

Ethics approval and consent to participate

: This study followed a protocol that was approved by a central independent review board (IRB), the Copernicus Group IRB, located in Research Triangle Park, North Carolina. Informed consent was obtained from all participants.

: Not applicable.

: LT Waldman and M Brod have received research funding from Jazz Pharmaceuticals. KF Villa, M Bron, and S Bujanover are employees of Jazz Pharmaceuticals who, in the course of their employment, have received stock options exercisable for, and other stock awards of, ordinary shares of Jazz Pharmaceuticals plc. Within the past 36 months S Parthasarathy reports grants from American Academy of Sleep Medicine Foundation (169-SR-17), NIH/NHLBI (HL13877, HL095799, and HL095748), grants from Patient Centered Outcomes Research Institute (IHS-1306-2505, EAIN #3394-UoA, PPRND-1507-31666), grants from US Department of Defense (PT130770), grants from NIH/NCI (1R21CA184920), grants from Johrei Institute, personal fees from American Academy of Sleep Medicine, UpToDate Inc., grants from the following to the University of Arizona (Younes Sleep Technologies, Ltd., Philips, Inc.), personal fees before September 2018 from Vapotherm, Inc., Merck, Inc., Bayer, Inc., and Philips-Respironics, Inc., outside the submitted work; in addition, S Parthasarathy has a patent UA 14–018 U.S.S.N. 61/884,654; PTAS 502570970 (Home breathing device) issued.