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Authors
Li, Meixuan
Xie, Shitong
Li, Tuoer
He, Wenbo
Li, Yanfei
Hui, Xu
Wu, Yanan
Shi, Fuxing
Wu, Jing
Tian, Jinhui
Li, Xiuxia
Yang, Kehu
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (82405611)
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Article History
Received: 6 October 2025
Accepted: 9 December 2025
First Online: 23 December 2025
Declarations
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: This study was approved by the Ethics Review Committee of the Institute of Health Data Science of Lanzhou University (Ethics review number: HDS-202309-02), and was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki.
: Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study. Participants were informed about their freedom of refusal. Anonymity and confidentiality were maintained throughout the research process.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
