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Authors
Kahsay, Gebremicheal Gebreyohanns
Gidey, Kidu
Berha, Alemseged Beyene
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Addis Ababa University (Not Applicable)
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Article History
Received: 13 October 2025
Accepted: 19 January 2026
First Online: 3 February 2026
Declarations
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: The ethical clearance for this study (Ref. No; ERB/SOP/246/13/2021) was obtained from the ethical review committee of the School of Pharmacy, College of Health Science, Addis Ababa University, and also the School of Pharmacy wrote a letter of support to the three hospitals of the study settings, and a formal approval letter was obtained from the study setting’s administration before commenced the data collection. Informed consent was obtained from individual study participants after the purpose and rationale of the study were briefly clarified. Data collection questionnaires were labeled with numerical codes to maintain the study participants’ anonymity and confidentiality. The findings did not disclose the names of patients or healthcare providers.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
