Lu, Wei-Hsun
Liao, Ting-Kai https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4742-8066
Su, Che-Min
Yang, Tsung-Han
Chou, Tsung-Ching
Su, Ping-Jui
Wang, Chih-Jung
Chao, Ying Jui
Lin, Yih-Jyh
Shan, Yan-Shen
Article History
Received: 29 June 2025
Accepted: 17 September 2025
First Online: 21 October 2025
Declarations
:
: This study was conducted in accordance with the principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki. Approval was granted by the Institutional Review Board of National Cheng Kung University Hospital (No. A-ER-110–059). Given the retrospective nature of this study and the use of de-identified patient data, the Institutional Review Board waived the requirement for informed consent.
: The authors declare no competing interests.