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Authors
Jia, Kang
Wang, Mingsong
Wang, Yu
Yuan, Dan
Huang, Long
Li, Kang
Zhong, Xiao
Zhang, Shiqiang
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Shenzhen Science and Technology Program (JCYJ20220530144814033)
Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation (2023A1515010690)
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Article History
Received: 2 September 2025
Accepted: 6 October 2025
First Online: 31 October 2025
Declarations
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: This study used data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database, which contains de-identified patient information.Because the data were public and anonymous, this study was exempted from ethical review and informed consent.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
