Ren, Zhihua
Tang, Juan
Xu, Haolin
Hou, Shiyang
Wang, Yiwen
Hou, Zhenyu
Qu, Hui
Funding for this research was provided by:
Youth Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province (No. ZR2023QH128)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 82373000)
Article History
Received: 11 September 2025
Accepted: 17 January 2026
First Online: 6 February 2026
Declarations
:
: The study has been approved by the Ethics Committee of Qilu Hospital of Shandong University (No. KYLL-202501-049-1), which waived the requirement for individual consent due to its retrospective design.
: All authors gave consent for the publication of this study.
: The authors declare no competing interests.