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Authors
Yang, Wan
Zeng, Lin
Chen, Lixue
Yang, Rui
Wang, Haiyan
Liu, Ping
Lian, Ying
Li, Rong
Chi, Hongbin
Qiao, Jie
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (82001630)
National Key Research and Development Program of China (2023YFC2705504)
Key Clinical Projects of Peking University Third Hospital (BYSYZD2024004)
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Article History
Received: 16 June 2025
Accepted: 25 November 2025
First Online: 5 December 2025
Declarations
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: The reproductive health ethics committee of Peking University Third Hospital approved this retrospective cohort study. Informed consent was waived due to the retrospective nature of the study (ethics approval document number IRB00006761-M2019487). Procedures performed in this study involving human participants or human tissue were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee, and with the 1975 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
