Yue, Qiuling
Zhang, Haoqiang
Xu, Bo
Chen, Min
Ma, Ao
Li, Junyi
Yan, Di
Jiang, Yifan
Qian, Baomei
Li, Ming
Wu, Limin
Zhao, Xiaozhi
Jiang, Xiaohua
Bai, Shun
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (82171599)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (92168112)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (82471644)
Joint Fund for Medical Artificial Intelligence (MAI2022Q010)
Key Research and Development Project of Anhui Province (2022e07020014)
Article History
Received: 9 September 2025
Accepted: 15 February 2026
First Online: 23 February 2026
Declarations
:
: The study protocol received ethical approval from the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC Ethical Committee (No. 2021-RE-064). Written informed consent was obtained from all participants.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.