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Article History

Received: 2 February 2026

Accepted: 21 July 2026

First Online: 29 July 2026

Declarations

Ethics approval: The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Zahedan University of Medical Sciences (Ethics approval code: IR.ZAUMS.REC.1403.062).

Informed consent: Informed consent was obtained from all patients or their legal guardians for the use of clinical data. Patient confidentiality was maintained throughout. The study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki and its subsequent amendments.”

Consent for publication: Not applicable.

Generative AI and AI-assisted technologies in the writing: The authors used generative AI tools solely to assist with English language editing, sentence restructuring for clarity, and shortening of selected sections. Generative AI tools were not used to generate, analyze, or interpret data, nor to formulate or shape scientific conclusions. All scientific content, data interpretation, and conclusions were developed, verified, and approved exclusively by the authors, who take full responsibility for the accuracy, originality, and integrity of the manuscript. The authors are aware of the potential risks of AI-assisted writing and have carefully reviewed all AI-assisted text to ensure it accurately reflects their own scientific judgment.

Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.