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Authors
Kolié, Delphin https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7335-2889
Van De Pas, Remco
Van Olmen, Josefien
Delamou, Alexandre
Kielmann, Karina
Van Damme, Wim
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Directorate of Development Cooperation (DGD), Belgium (Sandwich PhD Scholarship)
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Article History
Received: 15 September 2025
Accepted: 13 July 2026
First Online: 7 August 2026
Declarations
Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board at the Institute of Tropical Medicine in Antwerp, Belgium (approval number 1713/23), and by the National Ethics Review Committee in Guinea (approval number 215/CNERS/23). Respondents provided informed consent online by checking a box indicating their voluntary agreement to participate in the survey. All data were collected anonymously.
Consent for publication: All participants have provided consent for the results to be published. Findings were disseminated to local stakeholders across the study sites in October and November 2020 in Guinea.
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
