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Article History

Received: 10 January 2023

Accepted: 8 June 2023

First Online: 6 July 2023

Declarations

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: Not applicable.

: Not applicable.

: This research project is funded by the Belgian National Institute for Health and Disability Insurance (NIHDI). NIHDI was not involved in the design of the study and collection, analysis, interpretation of data, nor in writing the manuscript. SS, IH and AGV have founded the KU Leuven Fund on Market Analysis of Biologics and Biosimilars following Loss of Exclusivity (MABEL). SS was involved in a stakeholder roundtable on biologics and biosimilars sponsored by Amgen, Pfizer and MSD; he has participated in advisory board meetings for Pfizer, Sandoz and Amgen; he has contributed to studies on biologics and biosimilars for Hospira (together with AGV and IH), Celltrion, Mundipharma and Pfizer; and he has had speaking engagements for Amgen, Celltrion and Sandoz. AGV is involved in consulting, advisory work and speaking engagements for a number of companies, such as AbbVie, Accord, Amgen, Biogen, Effik Benelux, Pfizer/Hospira, Fresenius Kabi, Mundipharma, Medicines for Europe, Roche and Sandoz, amongst others. All other authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.