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Authors
Talebianpour, Hamid
Daroudi, Rajabali
Jaafaripooyan, Ebrahim
Sharafi, Elham
Rahmani, Hojjat
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Article History
Received: 30 May 2025
Accepted: 2 December 2025
First Online: 30 December 2025
Declarations
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: This study was conducted as part of a Ph.D. dissertation in Health Economics at the Faculty of Public Health, authored by Hamid Talebianpour. The research was supported and formally approved by Tehran University of Medical Sciences (Project ID: 52634). Ethical approval was granted by the Ethics Committee of Tehran University of Medical Sciences (Ethics Code: IR.TUMS.SPH.REC.1400.032). Written informed consent was obtained from all participants. In cases involving illiterate participants, consent was obtained in writing from their legal guardians. To protect participants’ privacy, all personal data were anonymized using unique identifiers and fully de-identified prior to data analysis and storage.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
