Ohene-Kwofie, Daniel https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7107-9498
Chironda, Cyril
Bashingwa, Jean
Seabi, Tshegofatso
Dube, Audry
Tippett-Barr, Beth
Gómez-Olivé, Francesc Xavier
Kahn, Kathleen
Tollman, Stephen
Kabudula, Chodziwadziwa W.
Funding for this research was provided by:
Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation (INV-030309, INV-050361)
Wellcome Trust (058893/Z/99/A, 069683/Z/02/Z, 085477/Z/08/Z, 085477/B/08/Z)
Article History
Received: 29 January 2024
Accepted: 27 May 2025
First Online: 23 June 2025
Declarations
:
: Ethical clearance for the Agincourt HDSS was obtained from the Human Research Ethics Committee (Medical) of the University of the Witwatersrand (protocols M960720, M110138 and M180585), as well as for the clinic-hospital linkage (protocol number M2111157). Community consent was obtained from civic and traditional leadership at the start of surveillance in 1992 and has been re-affirmed from time to time. In addition, informed consent is obtained from the head of the household or an eligible adult in the household at each annual follow-up surveillance visit. The consent process is documented by marking out the respondent on the household roster and recording details of the responsible fieldworker and date. At the health facilities, patient also consent before their records are linked.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.