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Authors
Wittich, Walter
Dumassais, Shirley
Saini, Maya
Li, Xin Yi
Granberg, Sarah
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Canadian Hearing Services
Deafblind Internationa
DeafBlind Ontario Foundation
Fonds de recherche du Québec Vision Science Research Network
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Article History
Received: 7 June 2025
Accepted: 6 January 2026
First Online: 25 January 2026
Declarations
: Ethics approval and consent to participate Ethical approval was obtained from the Institutional Review Boards of the Université de Montréal (CERC # 2022–1710, CERC 2023–4150, respectively). The multi-site qualitative study was also approved by the institutional review boards of the Centre de recherche interdisciplinaire en réadaptation du Montréal métropolitain (MP-50–2023-1749) in Canada, the Instituto del Salud Carlos III (#CEI PI 44_2021-v3) in Spain, and the University of Melbourne (#2023–25708-42888–3) in Australia. All participants provided informed consent as part of their participation. Consent for publication Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
