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Authors
Kand, Uddhavi
Kabudula, Chodziwadziwa
Choudhari, Bharat
Mohanty, Tapas Kumar
Bhujbal, Sandeep
Gondhali, Arunkumar
Bashingwa, Jean J. H.
Tippett Barr, Beth A.
Tollman, Stephen
Juvekar, Sanjay
Kawade, Anand
Agarwal, Dhiraj
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Article History
Received: 18 January 2024
Accepted: 24 August 2026
First Online: 30 August 2026
Declarations
Ethical approval and consent to participate: The ethical clearance for HDSS data collection was obtained from the institutional ethics committee of the KEM Hospital Research Centre, Pune. [KEMHRC study ID: 2211, vide reference #KEMHRC/RVM/EC/740 dated 20th June 2022] Being demographic surveillance, a verbal informed consent was taken from an adult member of the household, preferably head of the household, during their registration into HDSS and during each round of data collection thereafter. Moreover, community permission was obtained from village heads during community meetings before initiating data collection from their respective villages.
Consent to publish: Not applicable.
Competing interests: The authors declare that they have no competing interests related to this research.
