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Article History

Received: 3 June 2025

Accepted: 6 August 2025

First Online: 2 October 2025

Declarations

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: All procedures involving the use of animals were performed in accordance with the European Community Council Directive of 22 September 2010 on the protection of animals used for experimental purposes (2010/63/EU). The experimental protocols were carried out in compliance with institutional Ethical Committee guidelines for animal research (comité d’éthique pour l’expérimentation animale – Comité d’éthique de Marseille) and in compliance with French law, under an agreement number E1305521, Ministère de l’Enseignement Supérieur de la Recherche et de l’Innovation. Mice were kept in a dedicated pathogen-free facility, with a light/dark cycle, and in cages with an enriched environment. Mice received Safe Complete Care Competence (SAFE A04) as complete aliment ad libitum and were housed in environmentally enriched cages under pathogen-free conditions. The project authorization of Maina laboratory relevant to this study is APAFIS #8214-2016121417291352.v5, delivered by the “Ministère de l’Enseignement Supérieur, de la Recherche et de l’Innovation”.

: The authors declare no competing interests.