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Authors
Diao, Jiayong
He, Qixuan
Liu, Quanzhen
Liu, Yuxuan
Chen, Simiao
Zhang, Yuzhe
Gui, Houda
Chen, Jingyi
wu, Dongni
Pang, Xinyu
Zhang, Qingyue
Wang, Ya-nan
Zhang, Dongjiao
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
he National Natural Science Foundation of China (82301126)
Construction Engineering Special Fund of “Taishan Scholars” of Shandong Province (tsqn202408356)
Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation (ZR2023QH207)
Basic Research Program of Jiangsu (BK20230250)
the “Tang Scholar” Program (SDU202306-02)
Construction Engineering Special Fund of Taishan Scholars (tsqn202408357)
the National Natural Science Foundation of China (82201101)
Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province (ZR2022QH283)
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Article History
Received: 11 January 2026
Accepted: 5 July 2026
First Online: 14 July 2026
Declarations
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: The animal experiment protocol was approved by School of Stomatology, Shandong University (Stomatological Hospital of Shandong University) and the Ethics Committee for Animal Use of the Institute of Biomedical Sciences (No.20240370). The animal experiments were conducted in accordance with the ARRIVE guidelines and the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals. All animals were housed under specific pathogen-free conditions with a 12-h light/dark cycle, ad libitum access to food and water, and daily health monitoring. Every effort was made to minimize animal suffering and reduce the number of animals used.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
