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Article History

Received: 25 November 2025

Accepted: 21 April 2026

First Online: 13 June 2026

Declarations

:

: The study was reviewed and approved by the Institutional Review Board of National Tsing Hua University, Taiwan (Approval No. 11204HT042), ensuring adherence to ethical standards.

: All authors have read and approved the final version of this manuscript and consent to its publication in the journal. The authors confirm that the work has not been published previously and is not under consideration for publication elsewhere.

: The authors declare no competing interests.