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Article History

Received: 18 May 2019

Accepted: 10 July 2019

First Online: 22 July 2019

Ethics approval and consent to participate

: Not applicable.

: Not applicable.

: Paolo A. Ascierto (PAA): Consultant/advisory relationship—Bristol-Myers Squibb, Roche-Genentech, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Novartis, Amgen, Array, Merck Serono, Pierre-Fabre, Incyte, NewLink Genetics, Genmab, Medimmune, AstraZeneca, Syndax, Sun Pharma, Sanofy, Idera, Ultimovacs, Sandoz, Immunocore. Research funding—Array, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Roche-Genentech. Travel Support—MSD. Michael A. Davies (MAD): Advisory Board Member: GSK, Roche/Genentech, Novartis, BMS, Sanofi-Aventis, Vaccinex, Nanostring. PI of Research Grants to Institution: GSK, Roche/Genentech, Astrazeneca, Merck, Oncothyreon, Myriad, Sanofi-Aventis. Reinhard Dummer (RD): intermittent, project focused consulting and/or advisory relationships with Novartis, Merck Sharp & Dohme (MSD), Bristol-Myers Squibb (BMS), Roche, Amgen, Takeda, Pierre Fabre, Sun Pharma outside the submitted work. Marc Ernstoff (ME): Bristol Myers Squibb, OmniSeq, EMD Serono, ImmuNext, Merrimack, Alkermes, Iovance. Silvia Formenti (Sfo): Grant/Research support from: Bristol Myers Squibb, Varian, Eli-Lilly, Janssen, Regeneron, Eisai, Merck, Dynavax. Honoraria from: Bayer, Bristol Myers Squibb, Varian, ViewRay, Elekta, Janssen, Regeneron, GlaxoSmithKline, Eisai, Dynavax, Astra Zeneca, MedImmune, Merck US, EMD Serono/Merck. Thomas F. Gajewski (TFG): Advisory boards: Roche-Genentech, Merck, Abbvie, Bayer, Aduro, FogPharma, Adaptimmune. Research support: Roche-Genentech, BMS, Merck, Incyte, Seattle Genetics, Celldex, Ono, Evelo. Cofounder, shareholder: Jounce. Claus Garbe (CG): Honoraria and grants from: Amgen, BMS, GSK, LEO, MerckSerono, MSD, Novartis, Philogen, Roche. Omid Hamid (OH): Consultant/Advisory Role: Bristol-Meyers Squibb, Roche-Genentech, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Novartis, Amgen, Array, Merck Serono. Expert Testimony—Genentech. Other—Bristol-Meyers Squibb, Novartis, Array. Roger S. Lo (RSL): Research funding—OncoSec, Novartis, Merck. Research funding drug-only—Plexxicon, BeiGene, Genentech. Clinical trial funding—Array. Consultant—Shire, Array, Amgen, Merck. Jason J. Luke (JJL): Consultancy: 7 Hills, Actym, Amgen, Array, AstraZeneca, BeneVir, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Castle, CheckMate, EMD Serono, Gilead, Janssen, Merck, NewLink, Nimbus, Novartis, Palleon, Syndax, Tempest. Clinical Trial Support to Institution: AbbVie, Boston Biomedical, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Celldex, Corvus, Delcath, Five Prime, Genentech, Immunocore, Incyte, Intensity, MedImmune, Macrogenics, Novartis, Pharmacyclics, Merck, Tesaro. Olivier Michielin (OM): Focused consulting and/or advisory relationships with Novartis, Merck Sharp & Dohme (MSD), Bristol-Myers Squibb (BMS), Roche, Amgen, Pierre Fabre, outside of the scope of this manuscript. Giuseppe Palmieri (GP): Advisory role for BMS, MSD, Pierre-Fabre, Novartis, Incyte. Igor Puzanov (IP): Consultant—Amgen, Roche, Abbvie. Magdalena Thurin (MT): declares he has not conflict of interest to report. Laurence Zitvogel (LZ): Founder everImmune, SAB of Lytix Pharma, EpiVax, NeoVax, Transgene, Admin Board Transgene. Research collaborations with ROCHE, BMS, Incyte, GSK, Merus, Transgene, everImmune. Sanjiv S. Agarwala (SSA), Gerardo Botti (GB), Alfredo Budillon (AB), Corrado Caracò (CC), Soldano Ferrone (SFe), Francesco M. Marincola (FMM), Giuseppe Masucci (GM) declares that they have no competing interests.