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Article History

Received: 4 May 2022

Accepted: 30 May 2022

First Online: 7 June 2022

Declarations

:

: Not applicable.

: Not applicable.

: Paolo A. Ascierto (PAA): <i>Employment or Leadership Position</i>: None; <i>Consultant/Advisory Role</i>: Bristol-Meyers Squibb, Roche-Genentech, Merck Sharp and Dohme, Novartis, Merck Serono, Pierre-Fabre, AstraZeneca, Sun Pharma, Sanofi, Idera, Sandoz, Immunocore, 4SC, Italfarmaco, Nektar, Boehringer-Ingelheim, Eisai, Regeneron, Daiichi Sankyo, Pfizer, OncoSec, Nouscom, Lunaphore, Seagen, iTeos, Medicenna; <i>Stock Ownership</i>: None; <i>Research Funding</i>: Bristol-Meyers Squibb, Roche-Genentech, Pfizer, Sanofi; <i>Expert Testimony</i>: None; <i>Other Remuneration</i>: None.Antonio Avallone (AV): reports receiving <i>grant or research support</i> from Amgen, Bayer, and Bristol Myers Squibb, <i>consultant fees</i> from Amgen, Eisai, and MSD, and <i>honoraria</i> from Amgen, AstraZeneca, MSD, and Servier.Nina Bhardwaj (NB): <i>Industry:</i> Apricity—serving as Advisor/Board Member; Stock Option, BioNTech—serving as Advisor/Board Member, Boehringer Ingelheim—serving as Advisor/Board Member, BreakBio—serving as Advisor/Board Member, Carisma Therapeutics—serving as Advisor/Board Member, CureVac—serving as Advisor/Board Member, Genentech—consultant, Renewal in process, Genotwin—serving as Advisor/Board Member; Stock Option, Gilead—serving as Advisor/Board Member, Novartis—serving as Consultant/Advisor/Board Member, Primevax—serving as Advisor/Board Member; Stock Option, Rome Therapeutics—serving as Advisor/Board Member, Tempest Therapeutics—serving as Advisor/Board Member, Rubius Therapeutics—serving as Consultant/Advisor/Board Member (Scientific); <i>Industry research support</i>: DC Prime, Dragonfly Therapeutics, Inc., Harbour Biomed Sciences, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc.Carlo Bifulco (CB): <i>Scientific Boards</i>: BioAI, LunaPhore, PrimeVax; Patent US20180322632A1: Image processing systems and methods for displaying multiple images of a biological specimen.Sergio Bracarda (SB): <i>Advisory Board or Steering Committee Member</i> (U) for: Bayer, Pfizer, Astellas, Janssen, MSD, BMS, Ipsen, Roche, AAA, Sanofi-Genzyme. Merck, AstraZeneca.Joshua D. Brody (JDB): no conflict to disclose.Luigi Buonaguro (LB): no conflict to disclose.Sandra Demaria (SD): has received compensation for <i>consultant/advisory services</i> from Lytix Biopharma, EMD Serono, Ono Pharmaceutical, and Genentech, and <i>research support</i> from Lytix Biopharma and Boehringer-Ingelheim for unrelated projects.Leisha A. Emens (LAE): <i>Honoraria</i> from F Hoffman La Roche, Genentech, Macrogenics, Lilly, Chugai, Silverback, Shionogi, CytomX, GPCR, Immunitas, DNAMx, Gilead, and Mersana; <i>Future stock options</i> from Molecuvax; <i>Research funding</i> from Genentech, F Hoffman La Roche, EMD Serono, Merck, AstraZeneca, Tempest, Bolt, Silverback, Takeda, CytomX, Compugen, Abbvie, BMS, Next Cure, and Immune Onc. She served as <i>a chair the steering committee</i> for IMpassion130, KATE 2, and KATE3.Robert L. Ferris (RLF): <i>reports grants</i> from Astra-Zeneca/MedImmune, Bristol Myers Squibb, Merck, Novasenta, and Tesaro; <i>stock</i> from Novasenta; <i>personal fees</i> from Adagene Inc, Aduro Biotech Inc, Bicara Therapeutics Inc, Bristol Myers Squibb, Brooklyn Immunotherapeutics LLC, Catenion, Coherus BioSciences Inc, Everest Clinical Research Corporation, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Genocea Biosciences Inc, Hookipa Biotech GmbH, Instil Bio Inc, Kowa Research Institute Inc, Lifescience Dynamics Limited, MacroGenics Inc, Merck, Mirati Therapeutics Inc, Mirror Biologics Inc, Nanobiotix, Novasenta, Numab Therapeutics AG, OncoCyte Corportation, Pfizer, PPD Development LP, Rakuten Medical Inc, Sanofi, Seagen Inc, Vir Biotechnology Inc, Zymeworks Inc, outside of the submitted work.Jérôme Galon (JG): has patents associated with the immune prognostic biomarkers. JG is co-founder of HalioDx biotech company. Immunoscore^® a registered trademark from the National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM) licensed to HalioDx.Samir N. Khleif (SNK): <i>Owner/Founder</i>: Georgiamune, LLC; <i>Board Member</i>: Advaxis Board of Directors; <i>Consultant/Advisory Board</i>: aMoon, Adaptive Biotechnology, AstraZeneca, Aummune, Bioline Therapeutics, Coherus, GI Innovation, Incyte, IO Biotechnology, Israel Biotech Fund GP Partners, KAHR Medical, Lycera, McKinsey Health, Merck, Nectin TX, Northwest Biotherapeutics, RAPA Therapeutics, Syndax, Tessa Therapeutics, UbiVac; <i>Research Support</i>: AstraZeneca, BioLine Therapeutics, Bristol-Myers Squibb, HeatBio, IO Biotechnologies, KAHR Medical, Lycera, MediImmune, Merck, Pelican Therapeutics, Syndax; <i>Stock</i>: Advaxis Immunotherapy, Princeton, NJ; Northwest Biotherapeutics, Bethesda, MD; PDS Biotechnology, North Brunswick Township, NJ; IO Biotechnology, Copenhagen; KAHR Medical, Israel; 2022 <i>Speaker Honoraria</i>: AstraZeneca; <i>Memberships:</i> AACR, ASCO, NCPF, NRG, PICI, SITC, TCL—Tomouh Community of Leaders; Editorial Advisory: Omniscient, pte; Springer.Christopher A. Klebanoff (CAK): is an inventor of a TCR discovery platform and the PIK3CA public NeoAg TCRs described in this manuscript which have been licensed to Intima Bioscience in December of 2021. Licensing revenue is shared with C.A.K. according to MSKCC institutional policies. CAK has consulted for or is on the scientific and/or clinical advisory boards of: Achilles Therapeutics, Aleta BioTherapeutics, Bellicum Pharmaceuticals, BMS, Catamaran Bio, Cell Design Labs, Decheng Capital, G1 Therapeutics, Klus Pharma, Obsidian Therapeutics, PACT Pharma, Roche/Genentech, and T-knife.Tamara Laskowski (TL): no conflict to disclose.Ignacio Melero (IM): <i>Grants</i>: Roche, Highlight therapeutics, Genmab, BMS, AstraZeneca; <i>Consulting</i>: BMS, Roche, Genmab, AstraZeneca, Numab, F-Star, Pieris, Merus, Highlight therapeutics, Hotspot, Dompe, Gossamer, Catalym, Pharmamar.Chrystal M. Paulos (CMP): <i>Research funding</i>: Ares Immunotherapy, Cue Therapeutics, KITE, Lycera, Obsidian, Orange Grove Bio, STALLONIANS, ThermoFisher, Vaccinex.Sandro Pignata (SP): <i>Honoraria</i> from MSD AZ Pfizer Roche GSK Clovis; <i>Research funding</i> from MSD Roche Pfizer AZ.Marco Ruella (MR): <i>Inventor</i>: CART technologies, Univ. of Pennsylvania, partly licensed to Novartis, Tmunity and viTToria biotherapeutics; <i>Research funding</i>: AbClon, Beckman-Coulter; <i>Consultancy/Honoraria</i>: nanoString, Bayer; Advisory Board: AbClon, BMS, Sana, GSK; Scientific founder: viTToria biotherapeutics.Inge Marie Svane (IMS): <i>Honoraries</i> for speaker, consultancy or advisory role: Roche, Novartis, Merck, MSD, Celgene, Incyte, TILT bio, Pfizer, BMS, Astra Zeneca, Ipsen, Sanofi-Aventis, Pierre Fabre<i>Co-founder of and clinical advisor</i> for the CCIT-DK spin out company IO Biotech.IO Biotech has licensed the patent of the IDO/PDL1 vaccine (IO102/IO103 T-win^®) and have supported clinical studies through a research agreement. My institution has received limited research grants from: BMS, Roche, Novartis.Janis M. Taube (JMT): <i>research support</i>: Akoya Biosciences; Consultancy: Lunaphore and Akoya Biosciences. Patent pending on multiplex IF image analysis and the AstroPath platform.Bernard A. Fox (BAF): <i>Scientific Advisory Board (Advising/Consulting)</i>: Akoya/PerkinElmer, AstraZeneca/Definiens, Bristol-Myers Squibb, CanWell, Hookipa, Incyte, Macrogenics, NeoGenomics, PrimeVax (BOD, stock), Turnstone, UbiVac, Co-founder/CEO/stock, Ultivue.<i>Research Support</i>: Akoya/PerkinElmer, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Definies/AstraZeneca, Incyte, Macrogenics, NanoString, OncoSec Shimadzu, Viralytics/Merck.Patrick Hwu (PH): <i>Scientific Advisory Board</i>: Immatics US, Inc., Dragonfly, GlaxoSmithKline, Sanofi Pasteur.Igor Puzanov (IP): <i>Consulting/Honoraria</i>: Nektar, Amgen, Roche, Oncorus; <i>Advisory Board</i>: Bristol-Myers Squibb, Nektar; <i>Institutional Clinical Trial Support</i>: Nektar, Idera, Oncosec, Amgen, Immunocore, Dynavax, Rubius, SQZ, ADC; <i>DSMC</i>: Nouscom; <i>Stock</i>: Celldex.