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Article History

Received: 2 February 2024

Accepted: 1 April 2024

First Online: 18 April 2024

Declarations

:

: The genome-wide association study summary data sources used for the Mendelian randomization analyses are presented in Table , and the data are publicly available from the cited sources. Participant consent and ethical approval for all data were obtained in the original studies.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.