Tang, Haoxian
Huang, Jingtao
Lin, Hanyuan
Zhang, Xuan
Yang, Qinglong
Luo, Nan
Lin, Mengyue
Tian, Cuihong
Wu, Shiwan
Hong, Jianan
Wen, Jiasheng
Jiang, Liwen
Chen, Pan
Chen, Xiaojing
Tang, Junshuang
Zhang, Youti
Yi, Kaihong
Tan, Xuerui https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5637-1749
Chen, Yequn
Funding for this research was provided by:
2020 Li Ka Shing Foundation Cross-Disciplinary Research Grant (2020LKSFG19B)
“Dengfeng Project” for construction of high-level hospitals in Guangdong Province - the First Affiliated Hospital of the Shantou University Medical College (2020)
Science and Technology project in Guangdong Province (2021010303)
Provincial Science and Technology Special Fund of Guangdong in 2021 (2021-88-53)
Provincial Science and Technology Special Fund of Guangdong in 2022 (2022-124-6)
Fund from National Health Commission Medical and Health Science and Technology Development and Research Center (WKZX2022JG0138)
Innovation Team Project of Guangdong Ordinary Colleges and Universities (2024KCXTD019)
Grant for Key Disciplinary Project of Clinical Medicine under the High-level University Development Program, Guangdong, China (2024-2025)
National Health Commission Hospital Management Research 2023 Medical Quality (Evidence-based) Management Research Project (YLZLXZ23G121)
Article History
Received: 3 February 2025
Accepted: 8 March 2025
First Online: 22 March 2025
Declarations
:
: Ethical approval and informed consent were waived as the GBD data is publicly available and does not include identifiable information. The UKB was approved by the North West Multicenter Research Ethics Committee, with all participants providing written informed consent.
: The authors declare no competing interests that pertain to this work.
: The funders of the study had no role in study design, data collection, data analysis, data interpretation, or writing of the report. All authors had full access to all the data in the study and accepted responsibility to submit for publication.