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Authors
Malik, Muhammad Adil
Wu, Song
Zhang, Wenxiu
Huang, Junjie
Cao, Xu
Ayub, Uroosa
Malik, Adnan
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (82302761)
National Outstanding Youth Science Fund Project of National Natural Science Foundation of China (2022JJ40742)
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Article History
Received: 14 June 2025
Accepted: 1 September 2025
First Online: 7 October 2025
Declarations
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: This study did not involve human participants, tissue, or data directly collected from individuals. All environmental sampling protocols complied with institutional and international ethical standards for environmental research. No specific ethical approval was required for this secondary analysis of publicly available and aggregated data.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
