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Authors
Cheng, Xinran
Zhang, Yuelun
Luo, Chenyu
Lu, Bin
Li, Na
Zhou, Yueyang
Chen, Yuqing
Dai, Min
Chen, Hongda https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6171-1162
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Chinese Academy of Medical Science Innovation Fund for Medical Science (2022-I2M-1-0031)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (82173606, 82273726, 82473705)
Beijing Nova Program of Science and Technology (20230484397)
Science and Technology Planning Project of Tibet Autonomous Region (XZ202501JD0021)
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Article History
Received: 3 August 2025
Accepted: 11 September 2025
First Online: 15 October 2025
Declarations
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: All participants provided electronically signed consent for their data to be used in health-related research. UK Biobank received ethical approval from the North West Multi-centre Research Ethics Committee (REC reference: 21/NW/0157).
: This study used data from the UK Biobank under research ethics approval, with all participants providing informed consent. The manuscript contains no identifiable personal details and reports only aggregate, non-identifiable results.
: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
