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Authors
Cheng, Xinran
Zhang, Yuelun
Luo, Chenyu
Lu, Bin
Li, Na
Zhou, Yueyang
Chen, Yuqing
Dai, Min
Chen, Hongda https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6171-1162
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Chinese Academy of Medical Science Innovation Fund for Medical Science (2022-I2M-1-0031)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (82173606)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (82273726)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (82473705)
Beijing Nova Program of Science and Technology (20230484397)
Science and Technology Planning Project of Tibet Autonomous Region (XZ202501JD0021)
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Article History
Received: 3 August 2025
Accepted: 11 September 2025
First Online: 15 October 2025
Declarations
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: All participants provided electronically signed consent for their data to be used in health-related research. UK Biobank received ethical approval from the North West Multi-centre Research Ethics Committee (REC reference: 21/NW/0157).
: This study used data from the UK Biobank under research ethics approval, with all participants providing informed consent. The manuscript contains no identifiable personal details and reports only aggregate, non-identifiable results.
: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
