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Authors
Zhu, Yongfu
Wang, Menglei
Cao, Jian
song, Hang
Zhang, Pengcheng https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0371-8950
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
2022 Anhui Provincial Health Commission Scientific Research Project (AHWJ2022b053)
2022 Scientific Research Project of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine (2022AH050415)
Key Project of Anhui Provincial Department of Education (2023AH050870)
the 2024 Open Project of the Key Laboratory of Xin’an Medicine, Ministry of Education (2024xayx02)
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Article History
Received: 5 August 2025
Accepted: 18 October 2025
First Online: 19 January 2026
Declarations
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: Our study involves data from human participants and has strictly adhered to relevant ethical standards. The pathological images were provided by the cohort of our research group and were reviewed and approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Approval No. 2024MCZQ09). The study has followed the ethical guidelines set forth in the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its subsequent amendments, ensuring the rights and welfare of the participants were fully respected and protected.
: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
