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Authors
Zhu, Kaitao
Yao, Hongru
Hei, Jilong
Li, Shiwei
Ye, Tongxin
Jiang, WenG
Wang, Shuwen
Luo, Zhuojun
Martin, Tracey
Zhou, Jie
Zhang, Shanyi
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Article History
Received: 21 August 2025
Accepted: 22 October 2025
First Online: 21 November 2025
Declarations
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: All breast tumor and BCBM samples were procured from Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University between March 2012 and December 2023. Immediately following surgery, the patient specimens were preserved in liquid nitrogen and subsequently transferred to a −80 °C freezer for storage until needed. And the serum and cerebrospinal fluid were similarly tested as previously described. The Research Ethics Committee of Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University approved all protocols and procedures, and informed consent was acquired from the patients.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
