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Authors
Dong, Yunmei https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7252-3359
Qing, Maofeng
Zhang, Yu
Yang, Bing
Zhou, Hangyu
Xia, Delin
Li, Qingshu
Cannon, Richard D.
Ji, Ping
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Chongqing medical scientific research project (2025QNXM048)
China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2024MD754038)
National Natural Science Foundations of China (82370968)
Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing (CSTB2022NSCQ-MSX1148)
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Article History
Received: 1 July 2025
Accepted: 15 November 2025
First Online: 29 November 2025
Declarations
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: Our study conformed to the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by the institutional ethical review boards of the Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University (Ethics No. 2024-087) and the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University (Ethics No. 2024-064) for anonymous data analysis, and informed consent was waived for this retrospective study.
: Not applicable.
: All authors included in this research declare no competing interests.
