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Authors
Xu, Zhiyun
Lu, Yijiang
Zuo, Fengyi
Ding, Hanlin
Feng, Yipeng
Shen, Xiaokang
Song, Xuming
Xia, Wenjie
Mao, Qixing
Chen, Bing
Li, Rutao
Wang, Hui
Xu, Lin
Dong, Gaochao
Jiang, Feng https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6569-5956
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (82372762)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (82073211)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (81702892)
Jiangsu Province Capability Improvement Project through Science, Technology and Education, Jiangsu Provincial Medical Key Laboratory (ZDXYS202203)
Jiangsu Provincial Medical Innovation Center (CXZX202224)
Yishan Research Project of Jiangsu Cancer Hospital (YSZD202403)
Nanjing Medical University Science and Technology Development Fund (NMUB20230112)
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Article History
Received: 4 October 2025
Accepted: 25 November 2025
First Online: 13 January 2026
Declarations
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: The study adhered to the guidelines outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki and received approval from the Ethics Committee of Nanjing Medical University. All procedures described in this study were carried out in accordance with relevant guidelines and regulations. Informed consent was not required for this retrospective study and was waived by the Ethics Committee of Nanjing Medical University. The study protocol was reviewed by the Ethics Committee of Nanjing Medical University, which granted the exemption from informed consent based on their assessment that the study met the necessary criteria.
: Not Applicable.
: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
